Results · The thermodynamics of acting in time

Only quantum channels save work by waiting

In plain wordsReleasing each output of a repeated channel before the next input arrives can cost extra work, but only for quantum channels: the surcharge is the least correlation each output must keep with what stays in the device, and no algorithm decides which channels run free.

The result

As the paper states it, in briefReleasing each output of a repeated channel before the next input arrives costs nothing extra for classical channels, and can cost extra for quantum ones.

How this was checked

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The verification label is the one shared by the four companion papers, given in full on The price of time order.

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Novelty and credit

Novelty
Extends named prior work: the batch cost is the thermodynamic capacity of Faist, Berta and Brandão, credited, and Rybár and Ziman’s repeatable channels are credited; at zero Hamiltonian the law is the authors’ earlier work. New, in the paper’s words: the finite-temperature law with work in place of purity, the converse at every fixed error, and the fixed-dimension undecidability.

Versionsthree, each with its own DOI

Every archived version, newest first. Dates are Zenodo publication dates. All versions: 10.5281/zenodo.23310624, which always resolves to the newest.
VersionDateDOINotes
1.0.210.5281/zenodo.23323044 PDF hosted here.
1.0.110.5281/zenodo.23310736
1.0.010.5281/zenodo.23310625

Paper, code and links

PDF

papers/save-work-v1.0.2.pdf, version 1.0.2, 896,722 bytes.

SHA-256 6a62ca5f7c767271d05c9b3cc3344a4fae83ec50c7098ac528fda543922f8dbf

Corrections

  1. The four thermodynamics papers of 11 October cited Thompson et al. with a DOI that did not resolve. Version 1.0.2 of each paper gives the correct DOI, 10.1103/dryx-l5rt.

All corrections, and what counts as one.

Cite

@misc{douglas2026savework,
  author  = {Douglas, Seth and Mghirbi, Nidhal},
  title   = {Only quantum channels save work by waiting},
  year    = {2026},
  version = {1.0.2},
  doi     = {10.5281/zenodo.23323044},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23323044}
}

save-work.bibAll papers as BibTeX